PMT_History_Notes Brief-2- AT&T_Notes
~1900's~
In the early 1900s, AT&T engaged in businesses that ranged well beyond the
national telephone system. Through the Western Electric Company, its
manufacturing subsidiary, AT&T affiliated and allied companies around the
world manufactured equipment to meet the needs of the world's telephone
companies. These firms also sold equipment imported from the United States. By
1914, International Western Electric Company locations included Antwerp, London,
Berlin, Milan, Paris, Vienna, St. Petersburg, Budapest, Tokyo, Montreal, Buenos
Aires, and Sydney.
~1925~
In 1925, Walter Gifford, newly elevated to the presidency of AT&T, decided
that AT&T and the Bell System should concentrate on its stated goal of
universal telephone service in the United States. He therefore sold the
International Western Electric Company to the newly formed International
Telephone and Telegraph Company (ITT) for $33 million in 1925, retaining only
AT&T's interests in Canada. Although AT&T retreated from international
manufacture, it retained an international presence through its drive to provide
global telephone service to customers in the U.S.
~1927~
In 1927, AT&T inaugurated commercial transatlantic telephone service to
London using two-way radio. Initially, these calls cost seventy-five dollars
(U.S.) each (for three minutes.) Service spread to other countries, both via
London and through direct radio links. Radio-telephone service to Hawaii began
in 1931, and to Tokyo in 1934. Telephone service via available radio technology
was far from ideal: it was subject to fading and interference, and had strictly
limited capacity. In 1956, service to Europe moved to the first transatlantic
submarine telephone cable, TAT-1. Transpacific cable service began in 1964.
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